Dr. Chris Pachel joins us to discuss the complexities of integrating behavior health into veterinary practice. In this episode of the Cone of Shame Veterinary Podcast, Dr. Andy Roark and Dr. Chris Pachel dive into the challenges veterinarians face when addressing behavioral issues within the constraints of typical appointment times. Dr. Pachel shares insights on effective communication strategies, the importance of proper training for veterinary staff in handling behavioral consultations, and the potential benefits of leveraging telehealth for behavioral management. The conversation highlights the need for practical approaches to behavioral health in veterinary settings, emphasizing efficient client education and the strategic use of support staff.
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LINKS
Dr. Chris Pachel: www.drpachel.com
Uncharted Team Leads Summit: www.unchartedvet.com/tls2024
Dr. Andy Roark Exam Room Communication Tool Box Team Training Course: https://drandyroark.com/on-demand-staff-training/
Dr. Andy Roark Charming the Angry Client Team Training Course: https://drandyroark.com/charming-the-angry-client/
Dr. Andy Roark Swag: drandyroark.com/shop
All Links: linktr.ee/DrAndyRoark
ABOUT OUR GUEST
Dr. Chris Pachel is a board-certified veterinary behaviorist and is the owner and lead clinician at the Animal Behavior Clinic in Portland, Oregon. Dr. Pachel lectures extensively worldwide, teaches courses at multiple veterinary schools in the United States, and has authored numerous articles and book chapters for veterinarians and pet owners. He is a sought-after expert witness for legal cases and serves on the Editorial Advisory Board for dvm360. He is also a Vice-president of Veterinary Behavior for Instinct Dog Behavior and Training, as well as co-owner of Instinct Portland, which opened in the fall of 2020.
EPISODE TRANSCRIPT
Dr. Andy Roark: Welcome everybody to the Cone of Same Veterinary Podcast. I am your host, Dr. Andy Roark. Guys, I am here with veterinary behaviorist Dr. Chris Pachel, and we are talking about actually getting behavior appointments done in vet practice.
Look, we all know that doing behavior in our appointments is important. Pet owners are interested in behavior, and they have tons of behavior questions and challenges. And, if you’ve done any work in behavior, you know that it takes time. It is not a magic wand.
You can’t give a behavior pill and just script it out and send it home. It is a process of working with people and giving them our time and focus and attention. And guys, a lot of us are shorthanded. A lot of us are really busy. We are trying to juggle a lot of things. So, oftentimes, People bring their pets in for one thing, and then, oh, surprise, here’s a big behavior issue right on top of it.
And I expect you to deal with both of them in this 20 minute appointment that we have. . This is going to be a good one. Let’s get into it.
Kelsey Beth Carpenter: This is your show. We’re glad you’re here. We want to help you in your veterinary career. Welcome to the Cone of Shame with Dr. Andy Roark.
Dr. Andy Roark: Welcome to the podcast, Dr. Christopher Pachel how are you?
Dr. Chris Pachel: I am doing fantastic, Andy. Thanks for having me on.
Dr. Andy Roark: I always enjoy having you on. I really, I’m glad you made it. For those who don’t know you, you are a Veterinary Behaviorist in Portland, Oregon. You are, you’re a busy guy. You have a lot of things going on. A couple of the things I will pull from the pile are you were at the Animal Behavior Clinic. You were also at Instinct Dog Training.
You have done a number of podcasts with me. You were lecturing. You were just, you were very, very busy. And so I appreciate you making time for me.
Dr. Chris Pachel: No, absolutely. The opportunity like this to really have a conversation with someone like yourself, to get into some of these meaty topics that we can cover in these little bite sized snippets. Ah, man, I’ll make time for that in my schedule every day.
Dr. Andy Roark: I always appreciate your perspective. I think you do a really good job. You’re, you’re a thinker. You, you are philosophic in your views and then also you take that philosophy and you translate it into very pragmatic action steps of what people can do or, or what we can say or how conversations can go smoothly.
And so I, I, I love to think about the implications of things and then, okay, what are we going to do about it? And I think you do that really well. And so that’s, that’s what I want to kind of come to you today with. I want to talk to you about behavior, animal behavior, behavior training in veterinary practices.
I love having you on the podcast. You and I have talked through a number of different cases at this point, I will tell you when I am out in the world and I’m sure other people in the vet profession will agree to this. The number one behavior, or the number one thing I get asked about, you know, when people are like, Hey, can I ask you a question?
Behavior is number, is number one. How do I get my pet to stop doing this? How do I get my pet to start, stop jumping up on the countertop, stealing food, barking at the window, yanking me down when we go for walks? It’s the, the percentage of behavior. It’s probably 50 50 behavior and everything else.
Really? And people, they want to talk about their pets. They want to get into behavior. Where the rubber meets the road in practice is, you know, we have 20 minute appointments often. And people, we are shorthanded. There’s a labor shortage. We are trying to go fast and get things done. And so there’s great demand for behavior and behavior services from the pet owners.
We also know that keeping pets out of shelter oftentimes depending, depends on, you know, having having some behavior services and helping them And at the same time, I think a lot of veterinarians and vet professionals wonder, do we have time to have these conversations and how do we do this?
It’s, it’s, it seems like it’s challenging to bill for, you know, clients want to come and have an appointment. And they want to talk to us for an hour and a half, but they don’t want to pay for an hour and a half Of veterinary in time. And so anyway, I just kind of just dumped a lot on you here. Chris, can you just speak at a high level?
Do you see this stress as someone in the veterinary behavior world? Do you see the conflict between vets trying to support people and then also? Let’s be honest some challenging logistics in getting behavior done in the way We were taught in vet school that behavior needs to be done
Dr. Chris Pachel: yeah, it’s absolutely one of the most common questions that I get when I am lecturing at veterinary conferences or I’m doing vet to vet consults with practitioners who are trying to get advice on how to handle a particular case. There’s that sort of that underlying theme of, but how do I actually put this information into common practice?
It’s going to take me forever. I can’t block my schedule. You know, I, you know, I can wait, make way more revenue for myself and my team if I’m doing dentistry procedures or surgeries or other diagnostics. And so how do I, how do I do that? And I think sometimes we, we kind of, if it’s still appropriate to say, throw the baby out with the bath water to some degree, right?
Where we’re, we’re, we’re trying to say, you know, gosh, if I can’t do a two hour behavior consult, then I just can’t do behavior. And, you know, in some ways I think about it almost the same way as saying, you know what, I was in general practice for a number of years. I didn’t do a TPLO myself. I, I didn’t do total hip replacements.
I, I didn’t do intradermal allergy testing of dogs. I, there were a lot of advanced procedures that I didn’t do, but I still had to have a basic understanding of when and if those procedures were appropriate. How to talk to a client about how to choose between their available options. And even from the standpoint of saying, if I, you know, saw that dog let’s say it’s a hind limb lameness, for example, cruciate until proven otherwise sort of an idea.
And I don’t have time to evaluate that dog today. It’s not an acute injury. I can say, cool, we’re going to schedule you to come back on Tuesday. It’s going to take about two hours for the sedation and the radiographs. We do it all the time where we delay the diagnostic or the conversation until we have a window to actually perform the service.
And I think sometimes one of the easiest things to do if we have an interest in really diving into that conversation is say, that’s a great question. It’s gonna take more time than I have available. So let’s see you back on Tuesday. Let’s do it. It’ll take us about an hour to run through the details.
I’ll have some questions. I’ll share my perspective. We can troubleshoot and figure out what’s the best option for going forward. I’ll see you at nine a. m. You know, we can do that in that little snippet that we have at the end of an appointment and still provide that service for the client.
Dr. Andy Roark: I I tell this story sometimes. I went to a physical therapist one time because my my foot was, was bothering me. But also my shoulder was bothering me because I am a master’s athlete. And so, so I, I go in and the person’s like, Great, you’re here for your foot? And I was like, Yeah, my shoulder also hurts.
And she just didn’t miss a beat. And she said, Which one do you want to work on today? And I thought, wow! You could do that? You could just ask which one of these do you want to do? And so, I picked one, but I just, I’ve always remembered that in the vet world I’ve been like, oh well we better go fast then.
And that just did not seem to cross her mind. She was like no. Which, what’s the focus for today? And we can work on the other one next week or make another appointment and I just when you say that it’s so funny I think a lot of us don’t really feel like we have permission to just punt somebody until later in the week.,
Dr. Chris Pachel: Yes, and what I love about that is for that individual who responded in that way to you, they heard your concern and they provided you with a solution and the power of choice and agency to choose your own adventure.
Dr. Andy Roark: It was, it was, it was really well done. It was just, and it was so casual too. It wasn’t like, Hey, look, I’m really sorry about this. It was just great. Which one? So I, I, I think that there’s a, I do think that there’s a lot to that. I, I think that feeling empowered to say, this is gonna take, I really like the wording that you used.
This is gonna take more time than what we have for today, let’s get back in. It’s probably going to take about an hour, but let’s really go through this. I think that you can, I think that you can communicate real value there. I think if the doctor says to you, I, I want to spend enough time with you to really get this problem worked out, and I would not be helping you if I don’t give you that, that amount of time.
I think it makes them feel seen and taken seriously, and, and I, I suspect it conveys value to them. I, I really like that a lot. You know, I, I’m always I’m a big advocate for technician and technician utilization. I, I really, I I think we can use our technicians more than we do. What I see in technicians and support staff really is a desire to learn and develop, you know, not, not everybody, but there is, there’s a hunger for, for knowledge and to be valuable and useful to the pets and the pet owners.
And so I, I look at this and I, and I wonder about technician and support staff. Utilization in these cases. Now, I, I know that there’s, there’s different degrees where we have, you know, some behavioral cases may be pretty complicated. They may have medical components wrapped into them, things like that.
But the vast majority of behavioral questions that we get about, you know, litter boxes, things like that. I feel like that’s things that, that can be delegated whether, whether it’s done by the technician in the appointment or whether we allow technicians to have technician appointments to address things like this.
I know I’m starting to see a move in our profession towards more technician appointments, more technicians working independently. What do you think of when you hear that, Chris? Do you think that things like that are possible? Have you seen technicians taking the lead on behavior cases in practices in a way that makes sense?
Dr. Chris Pachel: Absolutely. And especially in the general practice setting around behavior, the ability to go in and to learn how and to practice taking a good history, where we can ask those questions. Where, you know, let’s say it’s the cat that’s eliminating outside of the litter box. There’s a list of pretty standard questions
that we should know the answers to before we recommend a particular treatment. Simply saying, oh your cat’s peeing outside the box, add a box. Or try a different litter. It’s sort of like saying, oh I’ve got a cat who’s, you know, peeing excessively, here’s some insulin, try that first. We would never do that.
We need the diagnostic information to actually know what the solution to the identified problem is, even at a working diagnosis level and a technician who’s been trained in that area who has a, you know, a foundational knowledge and behavior can do a lot of that heavy lifting and in some of those cases do all of the lifting to really help those clients understand, you know, again, is this something that needs to be approached from a medical side of things?
And, you know, maybe they get that history for that cat who’s peeing outside the box. And in asking some of the routine questions, we also identify the fact that the cat is not jumping up on the furniture the way that it used to. And it’s a nine year old and this is a new onset problem. And awesome.
That dog or that cat likely needs to be evaluated by the veterinary team and there’s probably some diagnostics. Awesome. That didn’t necessarily need the veterinarian to spend 20 minutes gathering the history to be able to determine that that’s the next step. The technician is going to be able to say, okay, I can identify what is quote unquote behavior only and what needs the veterinary lens.
Go for it.
Dr. Andy Roark: Yeah, I, I, I really like that idea of, of the, the history leading into the conversations that we, that we want to have and having my technicians train so that they have the history and then, I don’t want to make it into a, into a, into an algorithm necessarily, but if the answer to this question is yes, then this is kind of the path that we start to go down.
Do you have favorite training resources? So, you know, I think a lot of times. A lot of times we throw our assistants and our technicians kind of into the room and we’re like, here’s the history. Anything that’s weird, just ask them more questions. do you, how do you get your staff up to the point where they can have these conversations?
I’ve seen, I’ll be honest with you, I’ve seen a lot of practices where where everybody’s kind of freestyling, you know what I mean? And you’re getting markedly different behavioral information from the different people that you see in the practice. I don’t want that. How do you, how do I get my people on the same page?
What does that sort of training and support of the team look like?
Dr. Chris Pachel: Yeah, I think one of the easiest places to start is to use a hand, a standardized history form, you know, and those are available through out, you know, and essentially any of the, the textbooks that we have, the, the handbooks that we have for behavior problems of companion animals, they include a history form that you can use to start with in, in the back of that.
And I think the reason I often start with one of those standardized forms is if you’re just on the early side of learning how to do this. You’re going to miss stuff. Of course you are. Unless we have that standardized checklist to follow and whether that’s something that we’re working through with the client in real time or whether it’s something that we’re asking them to fill out before they come in, it’s something that, for example, even when I look at a history form that for my practices, I think it’s five or six pages long by the time it spits all that data, not six pages of text.
But but but looking all that I can review that efficiently, usually in about 6 to 8 minutes. and verbalize my diagnostic plan, the additional questions that I need answered. I can verbalize that over and include, you know, if this, then this, or if we see this, this is going to redirect them to medical, or these are the things that we can recommend from a training standpoint.
So from a doctor, I could do six of those in an hour with a skilled training team and technician team who can implement a lot of that. Now, I say that knowing that the general practice cases, at least there are more of the straightforward cases that would apply for something like that. By the time we get to the point where they’re being referred over to a veterinary behaviors, there’s probably more layers that require the clinician to be involved.
But at an intake level of basically saying, is there something that we can do here before we consider referral to a veterinary behaviorist, or as a way of setting them up with the right trainer who’s going to be able to coach them on the implementation of skills knowing that if we’re going down, let’s say, a separation anxiety pathway versus a leash reactive dog pathway, we may have different trainers that we use based on their skill set and the actual problems that they like to work on.
But we can do all of that intake efficiently in the veterinary practice.
Dr. Andy Roark: Talk to me about the potential in telemedicine that you see. Do you think it’s going to be possible that we’re going to be able to have our, our, you know, our, our our behavior specialists in our, in our practice, whoever that, that may be. I mean, are they going to be able to just do a Zoom call with this client instead of having them come in repeatedly?
Is that, is that way more limited than people think? Help me, help me see what you see in your crystal ball.
Dr. Chris Pachel: I. Love. I love telehealth for behavior. I really, really do. And especially when we’re working with a veterinary team that does have hands on to the limit of safety with or without sedation, but we have that team that has the ability to have that established veterinary patient client relationship. I love coming into that conversation as a consulting specialist to say, let me ask a few of the questions that maybe you just didn’t know to ask.
And then let’s give you some some more guidance as to what we can do next and how that works and in real time, then be able to talk through medication options, perhaps even some of the diagnostic testing that we can do to really tease out some of those differentials that might not have been ruled out yet.
I love being able to do that. Truthfully, it’s one of my favorite things on my schedule most days. Not only from the standpoint of being able to reach patients that I otherwise wouldn’t reach, but more importantly for me, if I’m working through that primary care veterinarian, part of my education is to the veterinarian themselves to try to expand their knowledge base.
So the next time around they can perhaps get just a little bit farther with that case before they need to reach for me. So I’m trying to on board a more robust toolbox for them in the process of helping this single patient that’s in front of them so that they don’t have that same level of dependence on me for every single case that comes through.
Dr. Andy Roark: How do you differentiate behavior and training, Chris? I find myself using them largely interchangeably, but I feel like behavior is sort of very much in the veterinary medicine realm, and training may be a bit different. You know, there’s just a huge amount of overlap there. When I think of training, I think of puppy classes at Petco, or people out in a field really working with schutzendogs.
Not to, make it negative, but that feels different than hey, I’m the veterinary and let’s, let’s do a behavior appointment. Those feel very different to me, but do you, do you see them as being different? If so, how, how do you separate them?
Dr. Chris Pachel: So it the lines are blurry. That’s the short answer to that question, because it’s really hard sometimes to know kind of where one begins and one ends. Even we could go as far as to say that almost everything that we see is behavior, right? Movement patterns, ingestive behaviors, where the animal is looking or what they’re responding to.
It’s all behavior. What we do about it and the tools that are in our toolbox to really tease out why behavior is showing up the way that it that it is or how we’re going to modify that, that’s where those roles really start to differentiate themselves. Meaning if I’ve got a naive puppy or a dog that is
newly out of the shelter and doesn’t have its basic cues of sit, come, down, stay you know, things like that. Training is perfect for that. Those dogs don’t necessarily need a behavior assessment or a veterinarian to be involved. However, when we’re doing an assessment where there’s a behavior change, or where there’s any level of suspicion that there might be an underlying medical component.
And whether that’s gastrointestinal sensitivity, whether that’s recurrent itch issues that’s creating a level of irritability, whether it’s airway problems that’s impacting a dog’s ability to sleep restfully overnight, or whether we’re looking at actually prescribing for behavioral interventions, those are all within the purview of the veterinarian and absolutely need that medical lens and that medical knowledge.
The behavior modification piece kind of straddles between there where we’re saying I’ve got a dog who’s doing one thing or a cat who’s behaving in a certain way, assuming that we’ve ruled out or addressed any underlying medical issues, how can I apply the science of behavior change to manage that environment to coach the owner on how to utilize reinforcement based training to modify that and to build a better set of coping skills for that animal who’s doing the best they can, but they might be acting in an unsafe or unproductive way.
And that’s where the behavior consultants and a lot of the behavior professionals come into play. Not in isolation, but in my opinion, in collaboration with the veterinary team. So I don’t have to coach the veterinarian on how to do all the little micromanagement of individual training or behavior modification sessions, but that I also have that veterinary team who understands what underlying medical issues may be showing up with a change in appetite,
or a difference in behavior or a new onset aggression or a disruption in sleep wake cycle. That’s where the differentiation really comes into play for me.
Dr. Andy Roark: No, that, that makes sense. The last question I have for you, when you look into your crystal ball, And you look five years into the future and you’re thinking about artificial intelligence and you’re thinking about, you know, cloud based practice management software and corporate consolidation, all these kinds of things.
What changes do you see coming down the pipeline in the way that we engage with behavior cases?
Dr. Chris Pachel: Yeah, I think there’s a, there’s a couple of intersections here that are really meaningful for me. I personally don’t want to give up any of my client time to AI. I really don’t. I love being able to spend that time to really observe the animal, to ask the questions that I need answered, to be able to do that.
And I like looking at the history data in real time and assimilating my own thoughts about what that, what that might mean. Where I really struggle and where a lot of my colleagues who practice behavior really struggle is getting it all documented efficiently in a way that actually then makes a meaningful list of recommendations to clients.
And that’s truthfully where I use AI in my practice is not necessarily to generate my differential lists. I’m not asking it to assess my history forms. I’m basically saying, Hey, distill this down in my brain. Let me run through the education. But if there’s a little recording playing in the background that can pair that down into an actionable bullet point list.
Oh, man, I’m a happy camper. That is exactly what I’m looking for. So capture my words, put them on paper and assimilated into action items. That’s where I use AI. And that’s where I think, you know, if I could wave my magic wand. getting that dialed in so that I can walk out of an hour long appointment and just check the box and say, yep, captured it.
That’s what I want.
Dr. Andy Roark: It’s done and they’ve got good resources to go home with. I like it. I like where your head’s at. That’s wonderful. Dr. Chris Pachel thank you so much for being here. Where can people find you online? Where can they keep up with all of the adventures you’re having?
Dr. Chris Pachel: Yeah, the easiest place to find me is on my website, which is drpachel.Com, so d r p a c h e l. com. And if you go to that main landing page, there’ll be links there to all of the different projects, the things we’re doing at Animal Behavior Clinic, the things we’re doing at Instinct Dog Behavior and Training.
There’s a link there to my media pages, which will take you to podcast recordings like this one, as well as any other things that I’m involved with. You can keep tabs on me there. It also takes you to my socials on the business side, too. So everything is linked from drpachel.com
Dr. Andy Roark: Outstanding. Thanks for being here, Chris. Thanks for being here, everybody. Take care of yourselves, gang. See you later.
And that’s what I got. Guys, thanks for being here. Thanks to Chris Pachel for being here. Take care of yourselves, everybody. Be well. I’ll talk to you later on.